Bangladesh’s president dissolved parliament on Tuesday, clearing the way for an interim government and new elections a day after Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigned and fled following a violent crackdown on a student-led uprising.
President Mohammed Shahabuddin’s office also announced that the leader of the opposition Bangladesh Nationalist Party, Begum Khaleda Zia, a former prime minister who had feuded with Hasina for decades, had been freed from house arrest.
Student protesters had threatened more demonstrations if parliament was not dissolved.
The movement that toppled Hasina rose out of demonstrations against public sector job quotas for families of veterans of Bangladesh’s 1971 independence war, seen by critics as a means to reserve jobs for allies of the ruling party.
About 300 people were killed and thousands injured in violence that ripped through the country since July.
After demonstrators stormed and looted the prime minister’s lavish residence on Monday, the streets of the capital Dhaka were again peaceful on Tuesday, with traffic lighter than usual and many schools and businesses that shut during the unrest still closed.
Students who led the protests were seen directing traffic at major intersections in Dhaka in the absence of police.
“We haven’t seen any traffic policemen since yesterday evening. That’s why we took the responsibility to control traffic so that everyone can commute smoothly,” Mohammad Nur, a 20-year-old college student, said.
Garment factories, which supply apparel to some of world’s top brands and are a mainstay of the economy, remained shuttered with plans to reopen to be announced later, the main garment manufacturers association said.
The decision to dissolve parliament was taken following meetings with the heads of armed forces, leaders of political parties, student leaders and some civil society representatives, the presidential statement said.
Hasina’s flight ended her 15-year second stint in power in the country of 170 million people, which she had ruled for 20 of the last 30 years at the helm of a political movement inherited from her father, state founder Mujibur Rahman, after he was assassinated in 1975. Since the early 1990s Hasina had feuded and alternated power with her rival Zia, who inherited her own political movement from her husband Ziaur Rahman, a ruler himself assassinated in 1981.
Protests against Hasina were fuelled in part by poverty. After years of strong economic growth as the garment industry expanded, the $450 billion (about R8.3 trillion) economy struggled with costly imports and inflation, and the government sought a bailout from the International Monetary Fund.
Hasina was accused of becoming increasingly authoritarian, with many of her political foes jailed. Her resignation was greeted by jubilant crowds, who stormed unopposed into the opulent grounds of her residence after she fled on Monday, carrying out looted furniture and TVs.
President Shahabuddin had said earlier that an interim government would hold elections soon after it takes over. Army Chief General Waker-Uz Zaman was due to meet student leaders to discuss the formation of the government. Hasina flew to India and is staying at a safe house outside Delhi.
Indian media reported that Hasina may travel to Britain, where she has family including a niece who is a government minister.
Britain’s Home Office declined to comment on Hasina’s specific case but said there was no provision in British immigration law allowing someone to travel to Britain to seek asylum.
India’s Foreign Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar told parliament that New Delhi had repeatedly “counselled restraint and urged situation to be defused through dialogue”.
The student leaders said they want Nobel Peace laureate Muhammad Yunus as the chief adviser to the interim government and a spokesperson for Yunus said he had agreed.
Yunus, 84, and his Grameen Bank won the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize for work to lift millions out of poverty by granting small loans of under $100 to the rural poor of Bangladesh. He was indicted by a court in June on charges of embezzlement that he denied.
He told Indian broadcaster “Times Now” in a recorded interview that Monday marked the “second liberation day” for Bangladesh after its 1971 war of independence from Pakistan. But he said Bangladeshis were angry with neighbour India for allowing Hasina to land there after fleeing Dhaka.
Cape Times